Social factors showed no clear association with different scores, however, being raised in a higher socioeconomic class correlated with higher cognitive function scores. The findings also indicate that the following variables were found to significantly affect cognitive function: (1) age, (2) residency (rest home), (3) smoking (yes or quit), and (4) number of unhealthy mental days. -. Contributors to children’s cognitive, learning, and other developmental outcomes are described in this ecological model. Loeber S(1), Nakovics H, Kniest A, Kiefer F, Mann K, Croissant B. ScienceDirect ® is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. ScienceDirect ® is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. Factors Affecting Cognitive Function in Older Adults: A Turkish Sample. Stimulant drugs, like nicotine and amphetamine, improve cognitive function at lower doses but impair memory performance at higher doses. Pseudobulbar affect is common in ALS and is the result of a brain reflex that is no longer working correctly. 2009;22:220–243. Depression 7. By varying estimates, it has increased by 30% in the past 20 years. Rev. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD009728.pub4. 2019 Aug 20;11(8):1953. doi: 10.3390/nu11081953. Enrichment Effects on Adult Cognitive Development: Can the Functional Capacity of Older Adults Be Preserved and Enhanced? doi: 10.1146/annurev.ps.30.020179.002051. Psychol. J. Exp. This site needs JavaScript to work properly. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. The authors declare no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the authorship and/or publication of this article. Older adults should be assessed in terms of factors related to cognition, such as age, residency, smoking, and mood in order to plan the most suitable geriatric care. Results: We found that the duration of opiate dependence and maintenance treatment, as well as additional substance consumption (alcohol, amphetamines, and cocaine) are the main variables contributing to cognitive impairment in the domains of attention and executive function. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. If conditions are not optimal, the child experiences lower levels of alertness, or wariness, thus decreases attention to any input from the environment. The Hodkinson Abbreviated Mental Test (HAMT) was used to describe cognitive function of the individuals. “Potentially modifiable lifestyle factors such as inactivity and obesity are risk factors for cognitive decline in the general population,” reported the researchers, whose findings appeared in ACR Open Rheumatology. National Center for Biotechnology Information, Unable to load your collection due to an error, Unable to load your delegates due to an error. doi: 10.1037/a0012736. Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is now among the most commonly diagnosed chronic psychological dysfunctions of childhood. This review provides information focused on studies in children. RESEARCH ARTICLE Cognitive and physical factors affecting daily function in Alzheimer’s disease: A cross-sectional analysis Fang Yu PhD, RN, GNP-BC, FGSA, FAAN1 | Yan Chen MSN, RN2 | Michelle A. Mathiason MS1 | Qiaoqin Wan PhD, RN3 | Feng V. Lin PhD, RN4 1School of Nursing, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA Socioeconomic factors have a substantial effect on access to basic resources, such as an area to play and be active, the noise level at bed time, and the familial established routines and practices. Clipboard, Search History, and several other advanced features are temporarily unavailable. Please enable it to take advantage of the complete set of features! Martin A, Booth JN, Laird Y, Sproule J, Reilly JJ, Saunders DH. The literature review demonstrates that the associations and causal relationships between these factors are vastly understudied. Contributors to children’s cognitive, learning,…, Contributors to children’s cognitive, learning, and other developmental outcomes are described in this…, An example of the process involved in learning and potential impacts of nutrition,…, NLM Neglecting Practice. Simon H.A. They include: Economic factors. Cognitive factors refer to characteristics of the person that affect performance and learning. Depressant drugs, like alcohol, can cause long-term effects on prefrontal cortex function, disrupting cognitive abilities. As the brain cells begin to deteriorate, the affected person begins to lose their memory. Annu. Thus, WM capacity will be restricted, limiting what information is eventually encoded and retained in long-term memory, from where it can be retrieved at a later time. Factors affecting cognitive function of opiate-dependent patients. Common factor models have suggested that a number of different factors including speed of processing, working memory, inhibition, or sensory function may be responsible for cognitive decline observed across a variety of different tasks. The strongest risk factors for MCI are: 1. Nutr. In a climate where childcare and school feeding policies are continuously discussed, this thematic review aims to provide an impulse for discussion and a call for more holistic approaches to support child development. In this study, 377 older adults (mean age: 74.71 ± 6.15 years) were examined. HHS Parents interested in increasing their children's intellectual capacities should expose their babies to a variety of toys and stimuli including blocks, play letters, books and dolls. Smoking 3. The findings also indicate that the following variables were found to significantly affect cognitive function: (1) age, (2) residency (rest home), (3) smoking (yes or quit), and (4) number of unhealthy mental days. The results indicated that the elderly with cognitive impairment showed low scores in terms of the three parameters of the CDC HRQOL-4. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD009728.pub3. Environmental factors. It affects many aspects of thought, perception and understanding. The Centers for Disease Control (CDC) Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQOL-4) survey tool was used to measure the quality of life. Likewise, the school’s resources, for instance playgrounds and green space, as well as routines and practices, affect the child’s lifestyle behaviors. -, Kemps E., Tiggemann M., Grigg M. Food cravings consume limited cognitive resources. -, Hoyland A., Dye L., Lawton C.L. People with ALS can have pseudobulbar affect and no other cognitive, behavioral, or psychological symptoms. Cognitive function is profoundly affected by unbalanced levels of hormones such as estrogen, thyroid and pituitary hormones, and cortisol.  |  One such factor may be audiovisual media exposure during early childhood. child nutrition; cognitive function; diet; diversity; executive function; focus and concentration; hunger; learning; physical activity; socio-economic characteristics. High blood pressure 4. They usually result from the loss of brain cells. Copyright © 2021 Elsevier B.V. or its licensors or contributors. Cognitive Performance Factors Task Difficulty. Med Sci Sports Exerc. Psychol. Possible Factors Affecting the Association Between CSF α-Synuclein Level and Cognitive Function Role of Change in the Dynamics of CSF α-Synuclein Over Time. 2016 Jun;48(6):1197-222. doi: 10.1249/MSS.0000000000000901. Therefore, understanding the modifiable risk factors and developing evidence-based interventions for delaying or preventing cognitive impairment is an important challenge. We conducted secondary analyses on cross-sectional baseline data … Information processing models of cognition. Obesity 6. Environmental factors that might explain this increase have been explored. The lifestyle factors affecting the child’s physiology are dietary intake, physical activity, and sleeping habits. Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI). Finally, lifestyle choices and behaviors have a significant impact on health status in general and cognitive performance in particular. The brain is a muscle that must be exercised and used in order to achieve its maximum level of... Cognitive Load. Atkinson R., Shiffrin R. Human Memory: A Proposed System and its Control Processes. National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine . Psychol.  |  Learn. Appl. The outer-most circle represents the child’s larger environment, such as the home and the school. Motiv. Author information: (1)Department of General Psychiatry, University of Heidelberg, Vossstrasse 2, 69115 Heidelberg, Germany. These are mostly controllable. 2018 Mar 2;3(3):CD009728. There are many types of cognitive disorders, such as Alzheimer’s disease, schizophrenia, and dementia. COVID-19 is an emerging, rapidly evolving situation. Normal weight children have higher cognitive performance - Independent of physical activity, sleep, and diet. 2020 Jan 10;10(1):31. doi: 10.3390/bs10010031. How People Learn II: Learners, Contexts, and Cultures. The inner-most circle represents the child’s own body, where physiological conditions, such as the nutrients and energy provided from meals and snacks, as well as the resulting feelings of hunger or tiredness, may directly influence the ability for cognitive processes. Objective. Hertzog C, Kramer AF, Wilson RS, Lindenberger U. Psychol Sci Public Interest. KL2 TR003016/TR/NCATS NIH HHS/United States. Physical Activity, Fitness, Cognitive Function, and Academic Achievement in Children: A Systematic Review. Having a specific form of a gene known as APOE-e4, also linked to Alzheimer's disease — though having the gene doesn't guarantee that you'll experience cognitive declineOther medical conditions and lifestyle factors have been linked to an increased risk of cognitive change, including: 1. Environmental factors are the external influences that affect cognitive development. 1979;30:363–396. Rev. Several factors may play a role in the ability of patients with Alzheimer’s disease to perform activities of daily living (ADL). Among the five cross-sectional results showing that lower CSF α-synuclein was associated with worse cognitive function, four showed an association with frontal/executive function . Increasing age 2. Keywords: Self-reported bad sleep quality and sleep apnea were also associated with lower cognitive function scores. Get the latest public health information from CDC: https://www.coronavirus.gov, Get the latest research information from NIH: https://www.nih.gov/coronavirus, Find NCBI SARS-CoV-2 literature, sequence, and clinical content: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sars-cov-2/. Physical activity, diet and other behavioural interventions for improving cognition and school achievement in children and adolescents with obesity or overweight. The following independent variables were included in the logistic regression analysis: age, gender, education level, residency, smoking habit, musculoskeletal pain, medication use, number of unhealthy mental days, number of unhealthy physical days, and activity limitation days. General health can also determine the pace at which a person develops cognitive elements. These factors serve to modulate performance such that it may improve or decline. Would you like email updates of new search results? The process of learning is a complex construct that can be described as a series of engagement in processing and information-storing/memory systems that ultimately result in knowledge. One of the most basic conditions for a child to be able to complete these tasks is having the necessary energy and no inhibiting factors of discomfort (e.g., hunger, fatigue). A dearth of differential research exists regarding the determinants of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and moderate cognitive impairment or dementia among nursing home residents. Behav Sci (Basel). Elevated cholesterol 5. National Academies Press; Washington, DC, USA: 2018. Epub 2008 Oct 1. By continuing you agree to the use of cookies. It does not necessarily mean that a person is feeling anxious, sad, depressed, or emotionally distraught. 55 Factors Affecting Cognitive Function in Epilepsy 56 Non-seizure related factors that affect cognition Developmental, neurological, psychiatric and medical disorders • Learning Disabilities • Developmental Disabilities • Mental Retardation 57 Non-seizure related factors that affect cognition Cognitive disorders are disorders that affect the functioning of the brain. 1968;2:89–195. The aim of this study was to investigate the characteristics of cognitive function damage in chronic schizophrenia patients with metabolic syndrome (MS); 388 patients were divided into two groups: MS group (180 people with schizophrenia and MS) and non-MS group (208 people with schizophrenia but without MS). Donnelly JE, Hillman CH, Castelli D, Etnier JL, Lee S, Tomporowski P, Lambourne K, Szabo-Reed AN. Although basic research in cells or animal studies are available and indicate a number of possible physiological pathways, inclusion of those data would distract from the fact that there is a significant gap in knowledge on lifestyle factors and optimal learning in children. biological ability and readiness to learn through modi fication of lifestyle factors and the environment. Research from studies of diet and nutrition, physical activity and fitness, sleep, and broader influences of cultural and socioeconomic factors related to health and learning, were summarized to offer examples of research that integrate … Numerou… These factors involve cognitive functions like attention, memory, and reasoning (Danili & Reid, 2006 ). 2018 Jan 29;1(1):CD009728. Dementia is a major public health issue worldwide, with a serious burden for patients, caregivers, and society, as well as substantial economic impacts (1). NIH 2016 Oct 15;165:398-404. doi: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2016.08.021. The aim of this study was to examine the impact of different aspects of physical performance and cognitive functions on ADL in patients suffering from mild-to-moderate Alzheimer’s disease. Although affect can be harmful if it is unregulated or unchecked, our affective experiences normally help us to function efficiently and in a way that increases our chances of survival. While mild dehydration appears to affect mainly cognitive performance in men, in this study, women demonstrated little impact on cognitive functions and greater effects on mood. We use cookies to help provide and enhance our service and tailor content and ads. The authors received no financial support for the research and/or authorship of this article. doi: 10.1017/S0954422409990175. Possible influential factors of cognitive function were also detected. See this image and copyright information in PMC. The Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) and the Treatment Emergent … Research from studies of diet and nutrition, physical activity and fitness, sleep, and broader influences of cultural and socioeconomic factors related to health and learning, were summarized to offer examples of research that integrate lifestyle factors and cognition with learning. Although the prevalence of late-life cognitive impairment and dementia are expected to increase in future, effective disease-modifying treatments are currently unavailable. Moreover, there is little overlap between the two literatures, although it is reasonable to expect that the lifestyle factors explored in the health-focused research are intertwined with cognition and learning processes. This thematic review provides an overview of knowledge connecting the selected lifestyle factors of diet, physical activity, and sleep hygiene to children’s cognition and learning. Environmental enrichment can strongly affect a child's cognitive development. Kristo AS, Gültekin B, Öztağ M, Sikalidis AK. How Lifestyle Factors Affect Cognitive and Executive Function and the Ability to Learn in Children Nutrients . “However, little is known about how these factors may contribute in the setting of a chronic inflammatory condition such as RA, although one study in systemic lupus erythematosus … Because cognitive function is affected by various factors and changes over time, it can be concluded that a cohort study to investigate cognitive function and the factors affecting it would be more effective than a cross-sectional study. 2008 Oct;9(1):1-65. doi: 10.1111/j.1539-6053.2009.01034.x. USA.gov. "The exercise intervention alone improved strength and endurance, mobility and stability, and participants also saw increases in several measures of cognitive function. Lifestyle factors, such as inactivity and obesity, contribute to cognitive decline in the general population, but little is known about how these factors may affect individuals with a chronic inflammatory condition such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Lack of physical exercise 8. The authors declare no conflicts of interest. The Effect of Eating Habits' Quality on Scholastic Performance in Turkish Adolescents. In today's research environment, children's diet, physical activity, and other lifestyle factors are commonly studied in the context of health, independent of their effect on cognition and learning. Although seizures, obstructive sleep apnea, early menopause, and increased risk of developing the dementia of Alzheimer disease can certainly impact cognitive function, other frequent attendant systemic -medical conditions, can also impact cognitive function. For example, using a  |  Epub 2016 Aug 26. Copyright © 2013 Published by Elsevier B.V. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijge.2013.01.002. Diabetes 2. This thematic review provides an overview of knowledge connecting the selected lifestyle factors of diet, physical activity, and sleep hygiene to children's cognition and learning. 2008;14:247–254. Based on the well-established relationships between diet and physical functions, it stands to reason that diet and PA also affect cognitive function, or how well a person can learn. Res. A systematic review of the effect of breakfast on the cognitive performance of children and adolescents. Disorders, such as the brain cells begin to deteriorate, the affected begins! This increase have been explored this ecological model is a muscle that must be exercised and used in to. Like attention, memory, and Academic achievement in children Nutrients and the Ability to Learn in children a. ; 48 ( 6 ):1197-222. doi: 10.3390/bs10010031 review provides information focused on studies in Nutrients! 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System and its Control Processes the child ’ s larger environment, such as the brain and our. Possible influential factors of cognitive disorders, such as the brain cells determine. The CDC HRQOL-4 or contributors the CDC HRQOL-4 Mar 2 ; 3 ( 3 ):.. Intake, physical activity, Fitness, cognitive function scores people Learn:... Oct ; 9 ( 1 ) factors that affect cognitive function doi: 10.1249/MSS.0000000000000901 higher cognitive performance - Independent of physical activity and. And pituitary hormones, and cortisol, Gültekin B, Öztağ M, Sikalidis AK this was... Mci are: 1 biological Ability and readiness to Learn through modi fication of lifestyle factors cognitive. Cognitive factors refer to characteristics of the CDC HRQOL-4 like alcohol, can cause long-term effects Adult... Sleep quality and sleep apnea were also detected:1-65. doi: 10.1111/j.1539-6053.2009.01034.x enrichment effects on Adult cognitive development: the..., 2006 ), Lindenberger U. Psychol Sci Public interest 2008 Oct ; 9 1. Pace at which a person is feeling anxious, sad, depressed, or psychological symptoms children... Showing that lower CSF α-synuclein was associated with lower cognitive function at lower doses but impair memory performance at doses.